What type of wall restricts the spread of fire and extends continuously from the foundation to or through the roof?

The correct choice pertains to a fire wall, which is defined as a structural element designed to prevent the spread of fire from one part of a building to another. This wall must extend continuously from the foundation to or through the roof, effectively compartmentalizing the building into distinct areas to enhance fire safety. By doing so, it helps protect occupants and reduce property damage in the event of a fire.

The critical feature of a fire wall is its ability to maintain its integrity and structural stability during a fire, allowing it to withstand high temperatures and prevent flames and heat from passing from one section of the building to another. This is essential for protecting escape routes and providing time for evacuation or firefighting efforts.

Other options describe different fire safety features, but none have the same function or structural requirements as a fire wall. Fire proofing refers to materials and techniques used to make structures more resistant to fire rather than a structural component itself. A fire stop is a system or material used to seal gaps and openings in fire-resistive constructions, while a fire barrier is commonly used to limit the spread of flames and smoke but typically does not extend continuously from the foundation to the roof in the same manner as a fire wall does.